Window and door frameworks

ABSTRACT

A WINDOW FRAME IS MADE UP OF INTEGRAL PROFILED BAR MEMBERS AND THE OUTER FACE OF EACH BAR IS COVERED WITH A SHIELD HAVING A TRAPPED AIR SPACE, WHICH PREVENTS HEAT TRANSFER THROUGH THE FRAME.

,3 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR L/E/KEQT BY ,1/

ATTGRNEYS R. WEIKEIRT I Jan. 19, 1971 F 'iled Feb. 11, 1969 IQUDOL F W4477/4401 Jan. 19, 1971 wEmERT 3,555,735

WINDOW AND DOOR FRAMEWORKS Filed Feb. 11 1969 3 Sheets-Sheet -2 INVENTORL/E/A EQ 7" ATTORNEYS Jan. 19, 1971 Filed Feb. 11', 1969 R. WEIKERT3,555,735

WINDOW AND DOOR FRAMEWORKS l5 Sheets-Sheet 3 I I I Y/ I [1111/ INVENTORPupB r L/E/KEQ T' W jf/amv f ATTORNEYS United States Patent O 3,555,735WINDOW AND DOOR FRAMEWORKS Rudolf Weikert, 17 Gerberstrasse, 321 Elze,Germany Filed Feb. 11, 1969, Ser. No. 798,425 Claims priority,application Germany, Feb. 13, 1968,

84,112 Int. Cl. E06b 3/00 U.S. Cl. 49501 1 Claim ABSTRACT OF THEDISCLOSURE A window frame is made up of integral profiled bar membersand the outer face of each bar is covered with a shield having a trappedair space, which prevents heat transfer through the frame.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION (1) Field of invention The invention relatesto a frame component, primarily for windows, doors, facades, sashes andthe like.

(2) Description of the prior art Frame components of this kind are madeof material that is known to be a good conductor of heat. This isnaturally undesirable and leads to corrosion damage in consequence ofthe undue formation of water of condensation. In addition, thepractically unopposed heat transfer results in a considerable raising ofroom temperatures in summer and cold convection currents in the vicinityof the window in winter, which latter gives rise to additional heatingcosts and also to discomfort.

Various attempts have already been made to overcome these difficulties.Most of the measures hitherto proposed take the form of windowstructures in which the normal load-bearing window section isinterrupted for the insertion of a poorly conductive, specially shapedbar made of plastics or the like. The arrangements hitherto proposed areunstable, awkward to produce and effective only to a limited extent,especially in the vicinity of the bearing faces and fittings.

In other proposals, exterior or interior mouldings made of plastics areused for insulation. Thin coatings over the metal surfaces have alsobeen suggested in order to provide at least some slight heat barrier.

In all these prior proposals, the attachment of fittings is anadditional source of difficulty. It is usual for certain parts of these,which lie outside the insulation and can be fixed only to the outerprofiles, to have to receive additional separate insulation, so that thefamiliar difficulties may also be partly overcome in relation to these.

An object of the invention is to improve the frame components hithertoproposed in such a way as to eliminate the adverse effects of highthermal conductivity.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention there isprovided in a framework defining an opening, a plurality ofinterconnected profiled elongate members each of integral construction,and means defining a closed chamber mounted on each said member toprovide at least a thermal barrier, said means including a shield ofsubstantially U- section, and low thermal conductivity plastics materialpackings interposed between the two free edges of the shield and thecorresponding elongate member.

For this purpose, the load-bearing frame bars should be provided withtwo open longitudinal channels parallel to the glazing, in which thepairs of packings are fitted, and pressed together to form a resilientseal by the shield strips.

Maintenance of the width of the air space should pref- "ice erably beensured by the provision of an additional arm on the packings, whichserves as a slide rail during the fitting of the shield strips.

The shield strips may with advantage contain a channel to take windowflanning bars and the like.

The invention thus differs from the frame components of this type knownhitherto, in that is constitutes an undivided, that is to say integral,strengthened construction, which shields the entire window opening,right from the exterior, thereby sealing and insulating it. Thus, theconstruction proper, which lies behind this, lies entirely within thewarm inner zone and is not subjected to harmful influences of any kind,whether from corrosion, heat radiation or expansion stresses. Moreover,because of the high moment of inertia of the integral frame bars,narrower frames are possible, which ensure maximum possible access forlight.

The insulating packing strips may also be combined, in accsordance withthe invention, into a profile and either enclose a variable insulatingair gap directly in front of the profiles bars or serve indirectly, asinsulating supports, to provide a sealed and positive means of securinga separate shield strip of light alloy, special steel or the like.

In this way, the entire load-bearing frame structure, including thechambers for the bearing arrangements and fittings, cannot be broughtinto contact with the outside air, but is surrounded solely by room airat approximately the same temperature. The linear expansion of theseprofile bars therefore remains low and distortion is avoided. Theexternal shield strips, on the other hand, are small in cross-sectionalarea, have little mass for storing heat and can move freely andnoiselessly on the packing strips as guides when temperature differencesare high. These shield strips with the insulating packings and theinterior frame components, enclose a space in which the enclosed air,interrupted at the mitring points, cannot circulate. This air space,moreover, can be further enlarged when still better frame insulation isdesired by fitting, for example, triple glazing with two air gaps.External noise caused by the beating of rain and hail is also absorbedby these insulated bearing arrangements and is prevented frompenetrating to the interior.

Should double glazing not be desired initially, in the case of newbuildings, single packings can be incorporated at no extra cost into thesame construction and can be changed over later.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a vertical section of partof a pivotal casement with frame components in accordance with theinvention, the easement being shown in the closed position;

FIG. 2 is a fragmentary section of a part of the arrangement shown inFIG. 1, with the casement open;

FIG. 3 is a fragmentary section of a part of the arrangernent shown inFIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a vertical section of part of a casement of the pivot, balanceor combined pivot/ balance type with frame components in accordance withthe invention;

FIG. 5 is a vertical section of part of a type resembling thearrangement shown in FIG. 4, but slightly modified, with renewablepackings in uninsulated form; and

FIG. 6 is a horizontal section of part of a frame component inaccordance with the invention, used as a post with facing.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The one-piece, that is to sayintegral, bar of a window or casement frame, preferably made of lightalloy, is referenced 1 and 2 (FIG. 1).

The numeral 3 denotes a profiled bar secured to the two bars 1 and 2.There are also inner frame members, 4 and 5, which, with the sealingstrips 6 and 7 respectively, serve to secure sill plates 8 and adouble-glazing unit 9.

At the outer face of these bars 1 and 2, longitudinal channels 10 and11, are provided, between side limbs 12 and 13, the said side limbsextending generally parallel to the plane of the double glazing unit 9.

Packing strips, 14 to 16, formed with or without sealing lips aremounted within the channels 10 and 11.

The bars 1 and 2 are of barbed section at 1a and 2a, to retain thepacking strips 14 to 16 in the longitudinal channels 10 and 11.

Elongate lips 14a to 16a, one on each of the packing strips 14 to 16 aresprung around one end of the corresponding side limbs 12 and 13.

Shield strips 17, 18 are held in place by the packing strips 14 to 16,the lips 14a to 16a of the packing strips 14 to 16 serving as distancepieces to ensure the maintenance of a gap between the associated shieldstrips 17 and 18 and the limbs 12 and 13. The width of this gap can bevaried by appropriate choice of thickness for the lips 14a to 16a.

As can be seen from the drawings, the shield strips 17 and 18 are ofchannel section comprising a base and opposed longitudinal side wallsextending from the base, a flange extending from the longitudinal edgeof each longitudinal side wall being retained within the packing strips14 to 16. The thickness of the corresponding lips 14a to 16a is suchthat they are compressed, between the side limb 12 and an abutmentcomprising the base of the shield strip so as to enhance the sealingaction.

The packing strips 14 to 16 are of fairly large section, so as to impedeheat transfer and increase the quality of the seal. They can becompressed, and when released will recoil resiliently parallel to theplane of the glass pane.

Placed between the two adjacent frame bars 1 and 2 is another bar 3,into which a T-sectioned packing 19, is fitted.

When the bar 3, forming part of a pivotal casement, is fitted into theframe bar 1, this packing 19 takes up the position shown in FIG. 2.

FIG. 1 shows the packing when the window frame, though closed, has notyet been bolted. As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, the upper arm 19a ofthe packing 19 is turned through about 30 to the right by the casementframe, the lower arm 19b in this case being pressed against the flangeof the shield strip 17. This gives a highquality, resilient seal,uniform on both sides, in addition to providing further spring-actiontravel when the casement is bolted and the tubular packing 20 (FIG. 3)housed in a channel 3a is compressed as far as the stop against theframe bar 2.

Despite its small cross-section, the tubular packing 20 is resilient. Itis easy to insert, being trapped behind the projections, and deformsinto a kidney shape section when its fiat rear face is forced against aprojecting ridge 3b.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the shield strip 21 has a channel21a, to accommodate a window flanning bar 22. In this way, expensiveplastering can be avoided.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, there are no shield strips and thepacking strips 14 to 16 are also absent. The packing strips are shapedas shown at 23 and 24. They are fitted in similar channels, however, buthave no insulating supports.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show quite clearly that, because of the form ofconstruction of the frame bars 1 and 2, the shield strips 17 and 18 areconsiderably narrower than' in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1.

FIGS. 1 to 5 show frame constructions with easements for windows withinterior glazing, whereas FIG. 6 is a cross-section of a sash or post 25with external glazing. Here, the post 25, can be connected to adetachable holdins s rip 26. Inserted in both ends of the holding strip26 are packing strips, 27, which serve at the same time to hold a shieldstrip '28 in place. Instead of the packing strips 27 being lipped toform a seal, a sealing compound fillet is provided at 29. The packingstrips 27 can also be used in short lengths, inserted at suitableintervals, if they are made from solid, injection-moulded insulatingmaterial, the gaps between being hermetically sealed. Also, each packingstrip is compressed between the strip 26 and an abutment on therespective longitudinal side wall of the shield strip 28.

The air gap behind the shield strip 28, which may be extra large, forexample, may also be filled additionally with foamed plastics material30. This, because of its closed cells, prevents all air circulation andmakes even better insulation possible. Here, too, it is of particularadvantage if the holding strip 26 itself is in the warm zone and theheat transfer paths form outside via the connecting bolts areinterrupted.

The form of the holding strips and inserted insulating packings, again,may vary according to the size of the shield strips 28 and theperformance expected of them; but it remains important that the heattransfer paths should be interrupted by insulated packings.

The constructions hereinbefore described afford frontal insulation ofthe inside frame construction and, in con junction with the doubleglazing units, provides a complete heat barrier, which markedlyincreases the continuously effective equalisation of air temperaturewithin the rooms, saves heating costs and prevents the formation ofwater of condensation. Comfort in the occupied rooms is therebyconsiderably increased in both hot and cold climates.

I claim:

1. A pivotal casement frame including two frameworks, each saidframework defining a plane opening and comprising a plurality ofinterconnected parallel profiled elongate members, means defining twoopposed longitudinal channels on each said member, the side limbs ofeach said channel extending generally parallel to the plane of saidopening, means defining a closed chamber on each said member to provideat least a thermal barrier, said means comprising a longitudinal shield,said shield including abutment means, opposed interconnectedlongitudinal side walls, and a flange extending from the longitudinaledge of each said side walls, and a low thermal conductivity packinginterposed between each said channel and the shield, each said packingincluding a first elongate lip retained within the channel, and a secondelongate lip extending between the channel and the abutment means of theshield, to space the shield therefrom, the said flange extending fromthe longitudinal edge of each said wall of the shield being retainedwithin a respective packing, and a profiled elongate member lyingbetween juxtaposed parallel elongate members of said two frameworks andsecured to one of said parallel members, said profiled elongate membercomprising first and second limbs, a lf rstJ channel-section part,carried by said first 1m a tubular packing engaged in the firstchannel-section part, a ridge extending longitudinally on the internalface of the base of the said first channel-section part, said ridgeserving to deform the said tubular packing to have a sectionsubstantially of kidney shape when the easement is closed,

a second channel-section part carried by said sec- 0nd limb, and

packing of T-section retained in said second channel-section part, saidT-section packing being deformed during fitting so that the cross memberof said packing forms an angle of approximately 15 to the central leg ofsaid packing and which, when the casement is closed, makes contact withthe shield of the two said juxtaposed members so that the two halves ofthe cross-member of said packing make angles of approximately 30 to thecentral leg of said packing.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 4/1960 Delaroche 10 KENNETHDOWNEY, Primary Examiner US. Cl. X.R.

